Abuse in Government Care Essay example -- Childcare Foster Adoption Ab

Maltreatment in Government Care      It is shocking that in our general public a few youngsters grow up without the chance of having a caring family to raise them. Progressively unbelievable is youngsters growing up with guardians or relatives that are injurious. Kids brought up in oppressive situations that are accounted for to social administrations and expelled from their house are set into child care. Child care is characterized directed consideration for reprobate or dismissed kids as a rule in an organization or substitute home set up by the legislature. A few promoters guarantee that the administration kid care framework is satisfactory, yet others like David Van Biema of Time Magazine express that, â€Å"foster care is planned to shield youngsters from disregard and maltreatment on account of guardians and other relatives, yet very regularly it turns into a similarly pitiless type of disregard and maltreatment by the state (Biema).† There is significant examination that looks further into t he child care framework. It uncovers that maltreatment in child care is a large enough issue that it should be tended to, yet what changes can or ought to be made?      Government measurements, paper articles, and exhaustive exploration ventures have been finished to respond to the inquiry, â€Å"is there an issue in the child care system?† The outcomes have uncovered that a major issue exist inside child care in the United States. At some random time there are roughly 542,000 kids in the child care framework (Dept of Health). This number keeps on rising every year. In 2001, 290,000 youngsters went into child care, while just 263,000 kids left the framework (Dept of Health). Of the 263,000 kids that left child care in the year 2001, 31% were in care for more than two years (Dept of Health). Nineteen percent of those youngsters were in child care for one to two years (Dept of Health). Two years is an unsuitable measure of time when mulled over that between the ages of 8 and ten are basic formative years in a child’s life. The normal age of the a youngster leaving the child care framework in 2001 was 10.2 years old (Dept o f Health). The measure of kids per cultivate home at some random time is another issue. The normal number of kids per home in the child care framework is 3.7, which is up from 1.4 in 1983. Albeit 3.7 kids is a normal for each home, there are claims that a huge number of homes have 5 †8 kids on the double (C... ... we can request is that they come out alive (Thoma 8).† Work Cited: Biema, David Van. â€Å"The Storm Over Orphanages.† Time Magazine, p. 144  â â â â 12 Dec. 1994. Cohen, Deborah L. â€Å"Foster-Care Reforms Often Ignore Problems Children Face in      School.† Education Weekly 15 June 1991. Maier, Timothy W. â€Å"Suffer the Children.† Insight on the News 24 Nov. 1997: Pg. 11. Ohio Department of Job and Family Services. â€Å"Public records and privacy laws.† Jan. 2004 http://emanuals.odjfs.state.oh.us/emanuals/legitimate/pubrec/@Generic__BookTextVie w/3;cs=default;ts=default;pt=23. Ritchotte, William. â€Å"Foster Care Reform.† Adoption.com  â â â â http://library.adoption.com/Advocacy/Foster-Care-Reform/article/5053/1.html. Thoma, Rick. â€Å"How Widwspread a Problem? A Critical Look at the Foster Care System† Liftingtheveil.org 24 June 2003 http://www.liftingtheveil.org/foster04.htm. Thoma, Rick. â€Å"A Critical Look at the Foster Care System: How Safe the Service?† Liftingtheveil.org 15 Nov. 2002 http://www.liftingtheveil.org/foster03.htm. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. â€Å"Foster Care National Statistics.† 2003  â â â â http://nccanch.acf.hhs.gov/bars/factsheets/foster.cfm.

The Life And Poetry Of William Buttler Yeats Essays - Abbey Theatre

The Life And Poetry Of William Buttler Yeats Essays - Abbey Theater The Life And Poetry Of William Buttler Yeats On June 13 1865 William Butler Yeats was conceived in Dublin Ireland. From the beginning Yeats had masterful impacts, because of the way that his dad Jack Butler Yeats was a prominent Irish painter. He had no proper instruction until he was eleven, around then he began at the Godolphin Grammar School in Hammer*censored*h England and later he took on Erasmus Smith High School in Dublin. All through his tutoring he was viewed as baffling understudy, his examinations were conflicting, he was inclined to staring off into space, and poor at sports. In 1884 Yeats discovered his way to the Metropolitan School for the Arts, here he met an artist by the name of George Russell. Yeats and Russell sheared similar dreams, dreams, and the excitement for them. Russell and Yeats before long established the Dublin Hermetic Society to lead mysterious examinations. They advanced their thought that whatever incredible writers had asserted in there best minutes was the closest we could go to a definitive religion and that their folklore and their spirits of wind and water were nevertheless strict truth. This started Yeatss enthusiasm for the investigation of the mysterious. After his involvement with the hermetic culture he joined the Rosicrucians, Madam H.P. Blavavtskys Theosophical Society, and MacGregors Mathers Order of the Dawn. Yeats counseled mystics often and occupied with the custom of conjuring the Irish Gods. The mysterious research Yeats made was clear in his verse. The mysterious was a wellspring of pictures to use in his sonnets, and evedence of this is in the entirety of his works. In1885 Yeats met John OLeary an Irish Nationalist and Fenian pioneer. OLeary assumed a huge job on getting Yeatss his work initially distributed in The Dublin University Review and guiding Yeatss focus toward local Irish hotspots for motivation. The impact of OLeary made Yeats take up the Irish journalists cause. Britain was attempting to demolish all Irish writing trying to anglicize Ireland through a restriction on the Gaelic language. OLearys patriotism and restriction to brutality intrigued numerous individuals including Yeats. These perspectives helped shape political perspectives that Yeats would hold for an amazing remainder. In 1889Yeats met Maude Gonne, a lady he adored pathetically for a mind-blowing remainder. Yeats requested that Gonne wed him commonly however she generally turned him down. Gonne was an Irish nationalist and a motivation to Yeats. Yeats every now and again went with here to political assemblies despite the fact that he for the most part couldn't help contradicting her radical strategies. Their relationship experienced a great deal including Gonnes fleeting marrige to John McBride. A large portion of Yeatss verse is routed to her. Yeats connected her with Helen of Troy, whose fancy prompted the decimation of a progress. In 1986 Yeats became companions with Lady Isabella Augusta Gregory, a patriot dramatist. Together Yeats and Lady Gregory served to establish the Abbey Theater. As the chief and producer Yeats assisted with transforming it into a main showy organization of the world and a focal point of the Irish Renaissance. Close to the Turn of the century Yeats battled to surrender his old style of composing, as of now his composing turned out to be less mysterious and emblematic and it became more clear. Yeats in the end got hitched in 1917, at 52 years old. His better half was Georgie Hyde-Lees, while on their wedding trip she found that she had mediumistic capacities. Through programmed composing she could speak with a visionary domain. In Yeatss later years he turned out to be progressively engaged with governmental issues. From 1922 1928 he was a congressperson for the Irish Free State. In 1923 Yeats got the Nobel Prize for writing, and passed on January 18 1939 in Roquebrune France. Yeats was covered in Sligo Ireland. A Drunken Mans Praise of Sobriety Come wash around my entirely punk Furthermore, keep me moving still That I may remain a calm man In spite of the fact that I drank my fill. Temperance is a gem That I do much worship, Furthermore, hence continue moving Despite the fact that boozers falsehood and wheeze. O mind your feet, O mind your feet Continue moving like a wave, Also, under each artist A dead man in his grave. No ups no downs, my Pretty, A mermaid not a punk; A boozer is a dead man And every single dead man are smashed. This is a melodious sonnet, which Yeats

Positions Paper Example

Positions Paper Example Positions Paper â€" Essay Example > Media GlobalizationIntroductionMedia globalization is the trend where media systems are shifting their operations from local and national level to international level (Sean Sasha, 2004). Advance in technology have significantly contributed to media globalization. New and old media companies can now share huge amount of information with their customers in almost every part of the globe (Wildman Siwek, 2009). As a result of this, the media companies offer their services to larger geographical regions and therefore large groups of people. The role of the media is to facilitate networked communication. Through this communication, the media becomes an instrument for social control that influences economic, political and cultural development of many parts of the world. When this is done on a global scale, the nature of information dispatched to cross section of society would have mixed impact to those societies (Internet Service Provider's Association, 2001). This essay seeks to discu ss the cultural, political and economical implications that results due from media globalization. PoliticsMedia plays a huge role in the political direction of any nation. Medias offers a platform where the political leaders are analyzed by the citizens of the countries. Due to globalization of the media, there is possibility of information distributed being less biased than that which is distributed by media companies that are not global. A foreign media company that broadcasts its information in another country among many other countries may not have any special interest of impartiality in the countries it operates. However, a local media company is likely to have influence from the local politicians who may want to be favored. Media globalization therefore ensures that the population of a nation under which the media operates enjoys impartial information that contributes to making of better decision. For any media to operate on global scale, it needs to invest heavily especiall y on technology. The technological advancement that comes with globalization of media ensures helps to create an avenue through that the political leaders are kept under microscope at any given time (WSIS Civil Society Plenary, 2003). This pushes the politician to deliver quality services and be responsible in their leadership role. Media globalization also creates an avenue through which nations observes and exchange political ideas to the interest of the citizens. On the other hand, there are some elements of media globalization that have negatively impacted the society politically. Most of the media companies that operate on the global scale are difficult to regulate (Wildman Siwek, 2009). The policy that drives these media promotes privatization, deregulation and public broadness. As a result, these media may be used by the rich countries to negatively influence politics of a country. Media is a very powerful in influencing the political direction of any country. If the media favors a given group or region, then the distributed information is likely to result to impartiality on how politics are operated in the country. In some situations, the media may broadcast propaganda that would result to citizens judging the leaders wrongly. Responsible media should be able to point out all the issues including the negative issues associated with the media themselves. However, in most situations negative issues that happens within the media, they cannot publically point out these issues since doing so may tarnish their image to the in the eyes of their customers.

Timbuktu, Mali and Today

The word Timbuktu (or Timbuctoo or Tombouctou) is used in several languages to represent a far-away place, but Timbuktu is an actual city in the African country of Mali. Where Is Timbuktu? Located near the edge of the Niger River, Timbuktu is situated near the middle of Mali in Africa.  Timbuktu had a 2014 population of approximately 15,000 (the recent drop more in half due to its 2012–2013 occupation by Al Qaeda). The 2014 estimate is the latest data available. The Legend of Timbuktu Timbuktu was founded by nomads in the 12th century, and it rapidly became a major trading depot for the caravans of the Sahara Desert. During the 14th century, the legend of Timbuktu as a rich cultural center spread through the world. The beginning of the legend can be traced to 1324, when the Emperor of Mali made his pilgrimage to Mecca via Cairo. In Cairo, the merchants and traders were impressed by the amount of gold carried by the emperor, who claimed that the gold was from Timbuktu. Furthermore, in 1354 the great Muslim explorer Ibn Battuta wrote of his visit to Timbuktu and told of the wealth and gold of the region. Thus, Timbuktu became renown as an African El Dorado, a city made of gold. During the 15th century, Timbuktu grew in importance, but its homes were never made of gold. Timbuktu produced few of its own goods but served as the major trading center for salt across the desert region. The city also became a center of Islamic study and the home of a university and extensive library. The citys maximum population during the 1400s probably numbered somewhere between 50,000 to 100,000, with approximately one-quarter of the population composed of scholars and students. The Legend Grows A 1526 visit to Timbuktu by a Muslim from Grenada, Spain, Leo Africanus, told of Timbuktu as a typical trading outpost. Still, the mythical legend of its wealth persisted. In 1618, a London company was formed to establish trade with Timbuktu. Unfortunately, the first trading expedition ended up with the massacre of all its members, and a second expedition sailed up the Gambia River and thus never reached Timbuktu. In the 1700s and early 1800s, many explorers attempted to reach Timbuktu, but none returned. Many unsuccessful and successful explorers were forced to drink camel urine, their own urine, or even blood to attempt to survive the Sahara Desert. Known wells would be dry or would not provide enough water upon an expeditions arrival. Mungo Park, a Scottish doctor, attempted a trip to Timbuktu in 1805. Unfortunately, his expedition team of dozens of Europeans and natives all died or abandoned the expedition, and Park was left to sail along the Niger River, never visiting Timbuktu but merely shooting at people and other objects on the shore with his guns as his insanity increased. His body was never found. In 1824, the Geographical Society of Paris offered a reward of 7,000 francs and a gold medal valued at 2,000 francs to the first European who could visit Timbuktu and return to tell the story of the mythical city. European Arrival in Timbuktu The first European acknowledged to have reached Timbuktu was Scottish explorer Gordon Laing. He left Tripoli in 1825 and traveled for 13 months to reach Timbuktu. On the way, he was attacked by the ruling Tuareg nomads, was shot and cut by swords, and broke his arm. He recovered from the vicious attack and made his way to Timbuktu, arriving in August 1826. Laing was unimpressed with Timbuktu, which had, as Leo Africanus reported, become simply a salt trading outpost filled with mud-walled homes in the middle of a barren desert. Laing remained in Timbuktu for just over one month. Two days after leaving Timbuktu, he was murdered. French explorer Rene-Auguste Caillie had better luck than Laing. He planned to make his trip to Timbuktu disguised as an Arab as part of a caravan, much to the chagrin of proper European explorers of the era. Caillie studied Arabic and the Islamic religion for several years. In April 1827, he left the coast of West Africa and reached Timbuktu a year later, even though he was ill for five months during the trip. Caillie was unimpressed with Timbuktu and remained there for two weeks. He then returned to Morocco and then went home to France. Caillie published three volumes about his travels and was awarded the prize from the Geographical Society of Paris. German geographer Heinrich Barth left Tripoli with two other explorers in 1850 for a trek to Timbuktu, but his companions both died. Barth reached Timbuktu in 1853 and did not return home until 1855. During the interim, he was feared dead by many. Barth gained fame through the publication of five volumes of his experiences. As with previous explorers to Timbuktu, Barth found the city quite the anticlimax. French Colonial Control In the late 1800s, France took over the Mali region and decided to take Timbuktu away from the control of the violent Tuareg. The French military was sent to occupy Timbuktu in 1894. Under the command of Major  Joseph Joffre (later a famous World War I general), Timbuktu was occupied and became the site of a French fort. Communication between Timbuktu and France was difficult, making the city an unhappy place for a soldier to be stationed. Nonetheless, the area around Timbuktu was well protected, so other nomad groups were able to live without fear of the hostile Tuareg. Modern Timbuktu Even after the invention of air travel, the Sahara was unyielding. The plane making an inaugural air flight from Algiers to Timbuktu in 1920 was lost. Eventually, a successful airstrip was established; however, today, Timbuktu is still most commonly reached by camel, motor vehicle, or boat. In 1960, Timbuktu became part of the independent country of Mali. The population of Timbuktu in a 1940 census was estimated at approximately 5,000 people; in 1976, the population was 19,000; in 1987, 32,000 people resided in the city. In 2009, Mali statistical office census estimates put the population at more than 54,000. In 1988, Timbuktu was designated a United Nations World Heritage Site, and efforts were underway to preserve and protect the city and especially its centuries-old mosques. In 2012, due to regional fighting, the city was placed on the UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger, where it still remains in 2018.

Essay about Child Development and the Process of Learning

Before children learn to use language to let their needs and wants be known they first learn to read, understand adult’s behaviour as well as responding through behaviour (Bishop and Baird, 2007). Challenging behaviour contributes to children’s social-emotional development through expressing their feelings and reacting to certain experiences with or without control (Berk, 2006). Early childhood teachers struggle to deal and to help children with challenging behaviour that teachers themselves are searching for answers and solution. Teachers should know about challenging behaviour or do they have enough knowledge to help themselves when facing this situation. Therefore; is disciplining the children the same as positive guidance? This review†¦show more content†¦The two (Neece Baker, 2008; Chiang, 2008) agree that children with special need lack of expressive communication so to gain access to an item and escape demands by using challenging and disruptive behavio ur. These behaviour are most likely to happen during academic or structure activities and seldom at free time (Chiang, 2008). Three articles discuss the factors that influence challenging behaviour such as imitation of language and behaviour of adults, violence and provocative themes, movies, videos, computer games and other media bringing as well as family structures, parents under pressure leading to stress because they overwork or sickness (Kaiser Rasminsky 2003; Flicker Hoffman 2002; Bishop Baird 2007). In addition Bishop Baird (2007) explain the community as â€Å"toxic environment† (p.27) that brings poverty, homeless, violence, sickness to children’s experiences. Similarly Kaiser Rasminsky (2003) talk of cultural influence with aggressive behaviour because of community disorganization, joblessness, racism, and discrimination. Flicker Hoffman (2002) examines the danger of punishment in the early days as having â€Å"harmful effects on the children† e specially the type of punishment with intention to control rather than guiding and that children will get embarrassed, humiliated, building more anger and strengthening aggressive behaviour. In addition others (Kaiser Rasminsky, 2003; Bishop BairdShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Theory Of Experiential Learning1481 Words   |  6 PagesVygotsky, Jean Piaget, and Howard Gardner will be evaluated through the lens of experiential learning. Through Vygotsky’s realization of the childhood learning through â€Å"hands-on† experience (experiential learning), the cultural and socioeconomic factors defines the progress a child makes in the individual progression towards growth in the educational system. 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Analyze the changes that occured during the 1960s in the...

As time passed the rapidly changing society in the nineteenth century, in 1820 the north and south began to have a serious of conflicting problems that were proved unfixable by compromise. During this time, the north underwent major social, economic, and industrial changes known as the Antebellum Period. While the south generally clung to king cotton and slavery and remained essentially the same. This arose a manifold of controversies with how issues such as tariffs, slavery, and how land should be handled. Both the Union and the Confederacy tried to create compromises to resolve these problems, yet both sides were never completely satisfied no matter how hard they tried. This made it very close to impossible for them to completely†¦show more content†¦Confederate President Jefferson Davis also switched from saying the war was caused by slavery to saying that states rights was the cause. While Southerners often used states rights arguments to defend slavery, sometimes role s were reversed, as when Southerners demanded national laws to defend their interests with the Gag Rule and the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. On these issues, it was Northerners who wanted to defend the rights of their states. Almost all of the inter-regional crises involved slavery, starting with debates on the three-fifths clause and a twenty year extension of the African slave trade in the Constitutional Convention of 1787. There was controversy over adding the slave state of Missouri to the Union that led to the Missouri Compromise of 1820, the Nullification Crisis over the Tariff of 1828 (although the tariff was low after 1846, and even the tariff issue was related to slavery), the gag rule that prevented discussion in Congress of petitions for ending slavery from 1835–1844, the acquisition of Texas as a slave state in 1845 and Manifest Destiny as an argument for gaining new territories where slavery would become an issue after the Mexican-American War (1846–1848), which resulted in the Compromise of 1850. The Wilmot Proviso was an attempt by Northern politicians to exclude slavery from the territories conquered from Mexico. The extremely popular

Research Methodology for Elaborating Works

Question: Discuss about the Research Methodology for Elaborating Works. Answer: Introduction Research in simple term means systematic as well as a logical search of new along with useful information on certain particular topic. Research is not only a way of thinking but it is also set of skills. Research helps to understand, formulate the guiding principle that regulate a particular procedure in work sphere. Amongst key professions like medical, public health ,psychology and education,research and practice complement each other in a way that practice usually depend upon what is discovered in past through research.Researchers often use textbooks, articles in journals, thesis, company reports, internet, newspapers, and journals as major source to gather information to related topic. Research according to Creswell (2012) is a unique process that involves a small set of logical steps. All these steps help in collection as well as analysis of information in order to increase and create improved understanding about the topic or any specific issue. It's a liberal term used for any kind of investigation that is intended to uncover interesting or new facts. The selection of research approach depends on the nature of the issues being addressed or research problem. Any research project does not have predefined independent as well as dependent variables rather it focuses on human sense- making complexity as and when the situation arises (Kaplan Maxwell, 1994) . These research methods are commonly used to collect, analyze and interpret data that is collected through investigations. Research methodology showcases three major approaches namely Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Method. Quantitative research implies is the one that depends mainly on the procuring of quantitative data Qualitative research is that research which relies on the accumulation of qualitative data. Mixed research is the one that involves the blending of qualitative as well as quantitative methodology. Mixed methods research has emerged as key method along with quantitative as well as qualitative approach as an important tool for researchers. The purposes of the study is to place mixed method research as the natural phenomena over conventional qualitative and quantitative research and to outlay a framework for formulating and implementing a sound and well established breadth of knowledge . Research Background and context Over the past ten years, and in the recent past it has been found to be associated with a groundswell articles, conferences along with specialist journals that are dedicated to mixed methods research (Tashakkori Teddlie, 2010). The proposed research study will address the individual inclusion of Israeli children diagnosed with autism in regular classes. The research study will examine a Comprehensive Inclusive Program developed by the researcher and a staff of experts for a group of mainstreamed children after the study day in the school, with the goal of improving the individual inclusion of the children in the regular classes during school hours. The program is led by a special education teacher in cooperation with Para-medical therapists and Group Psychotherapists for twelve academic hours. Five children who were diagnosed on the autism spectrum as higher functioning participate in the program as well as a group of five typically developing children. Characteristics of Inclusive Intervention Program The comprehensive inclusive intervention program includes para-medical treatments, Group Psychotherapy sessions and social group sessions for the reinforcement and development of the social relationships and interaction between the group members and non-disabled peers who are invited into the framework to participate in different activities, when the goal is also to develop and improve play and conversation abilities with them in task as shown below: Improvement of skills and basic activities such as organizing table, eating together, and cleaning the activity area. Improvement of the childrens functioning in communicational and social skills such as attention, conversation and dialogue with a friend and staff member, behaviour according to the laws of the group, flexibility, consideration of others, waiting, mutual help, and ability to play together in a pair and in a group. Creation of reference to partners and creation of an affiliation group. Rise in childrens independence through accompaniment in different tasks and appropriate support and mediation. Research Aim Study 1: To produce a systematic review on the types of inclusive programs for ASD children in regular classes and to identify the outcome variables and the instruments to assess the social inclusion (standard scales), with special attention to the existing inclusive programs in Israel. Study 2: To investigate the attitudes towards inclusion of ASD children in regular classes in Israeli parents and teachers. Study 3: To investigate the effects of the comprehensive inclusive program of Israeli ASD children at levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by peers, parents and teachers. Knowledge Gap The literature review found till writing of this manuscript was insufficient academic work that addresses similar intervention programs on the individual inclusion of ASD children in mainstream schools after the introduction of the revised Diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders (APA, 2013). Therefore, research study will fill this gap in knowledge and throw light on the necessity of inclusion programs in mainstream schools to improve the quality of the integration between ASD children and typically developing children. Research Design and Methodology Literature Review With plenty of studies being done in health science, its difficult though not impossible for researchers to progress with the research methodology study. Systematic reviews differ from conventional narrative reviews in many ways. Narrative reviews are usually descriptive, does not contain a structured research on literature, and lays emphasis on a subgroup of studies in a given area selected on the basis of either authors preference or availability. Consequently narrative reviews although they are highly informative often contain an element of selection choice Systematic reviews, generally envisages in depth and broader layout and search plan primarily derived with the goal of lowering bias by noticing ,reviewing and synchronizing all useful studies on a specific topic (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2009). Further presenting the 8 stages of a systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Identify the research topic Define inclusion and exclusion parameters Design search methodology techniques Select methodology Collect data Study research Analyze research Summarize data The present research study will examine and study various articles on the variety of inclusive programs for ASD children in regular classes. It will also identify the outcome variables and instruments to assess the social inclusion, with special attention to the existing inclusive programs in Israel (Iulia, Copacia, Rusua, 2016). Mixed Method Research Mixed method research is a composition of basic data types and methodological procedures. In mixed method research, the researcher gathers data based on research topic that contain both numbers and text along with related methodologies categorized within a qualitative or quantitative perspective .In the process of procuring relevant data for benefiting the young researchers/ students, teachers it appears that either a strictly qualitative or in another case quantitative study will be insufficient .Though its important that some statistical evidence of strategy need to be found and used yet, its preferable that an assessment of strategy followed amongst participants also includes their own opinions and input (Burke Johnson Gray, 2010). In large and highly funded project researchers might prefer to collate quantitative data in the very first phase, which is then followed by a qualitative data collected during second stage, again followed by collection of quantitative data in third phase. Every project in itself is quite distinct as a study and the entire program of inquiry can be referred to as mixed method research. This is common case found in several large scale health science projects (Baskerville, Hogg, Lemelin, 2001) Study 2 will investigate the attitude toward inclusion of ASD children in regular classes among Israeli parents and teachers. The method used will be a snowball sampling method. 50 general education teachers and 50 parents will be introspected with respect to their discretion to include their student/child in a regular classroom to examine if there was a major difference in their behaviour and concepts toward inclusion. Independent sample test will be used in order to make comparison between the mean scores of the data along with a descriptive statistics method so as to analyse and find the ranges of the two groups. Case Study Case study is defined as in detailed, wide angled investigation using qualitative research methods on a specific social phenomenon. It comprises of a highly in-depth investigation, often where data is being collated over a period of phenomena, or time within their context (Zainal, 2007). Study 3 of research will investigate the effects of a comprehensive inclusive program of Israeli ASD children at different levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by three different kinds of informants: teachers, parents as well as peers. This kind of outlook to research will provide examining of a phenomenon within its sphere utilizing different types of sources. Population Size Study 3 - 100 participants. 50 teachers and 50 parents of ASD students attending mainstream primary schools in Israel. In study three- 10 participants, 5 High Functioning diagnosed ASD students who participate in the Comprehensive Inclusive Program, receive help from a personal assistant teacher during the school day .The left over 5 participants are typically developing children, coming from similar school, being spotted and identified by their class teacher as possessing equivalent academic abilities, matched in age and IQ of residents in the north of Israel. Research Instrument As a part of data collection process research instrument refers to methodology adopted by researcher to obtain data from participants. Adedokun (2003: p 57) proclaims that data refers to any fact, observation or facts relating to the subject of the study. The term data refers to all forms of information that researchers obtain from the participant for study. Variety of instruments used by researchers for their understanding depends on the nature of study. Data Collection Instruments Research methodology tools used to procure data from audience for research are known as data collection instruments. Instruments include questionnaire, interviews, observations, focus group discussion and experiments. Instruments involved in this research study are discussed below: Questionnaire The questionnaire is most widely used tool for collecting research data. It basically seeks the opinions of individuals in a sample or a population on issues directly related to the objectives of the research study (Aina, 2004: p 348). It consists of a set of systematic written questions designed by researchers to procure information from the audience. Questionnaire must be valid and reliable so that the data procured can authenticate the research. It provides large collection of data in a comparatively span period of time and is inexpensive. Present research, would be using the Social Inclusion Survey (Frederickson Graham, Social skills and emotional intelligence, 1999) , which is designed mainly to access the social outcomes of both inclusion as well as good psychometric properties (Frederickson Furham, 1998). Along with these ratings of social inclusion; present research will also obtain reports formed by questionnaires on attitudes and concepts regarding inclusion from parents and teachers. Study 3 will be using two research instruments namely interview and observation which are apt for case study. The purpose of instruments used is to investigate the effects of a comprehensive inclusive program of ASD students at levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by peers, parents and teachers. Both the instruments are discussed below: Interview Interview also known as oral questionnaire is a measurement instrument in which the researcher collects various data and information with the help of oral communication from respondents. Lists of structured questions that are connected with the study are prepared by researcher, before interacting with the respondents to collect their opinions on subject matter. Interviews are either conducted personally or telephonically or through an electronic mailing system. The best feature of this method is that it helps in creating higher response rate. Some of the materials that are needed during interview are paper, pen and tape recorder. Along with producing higher response rate, it tends to be an effective representative of the entire population of the study. Ono the other hand the personal contacts between the respondents and the researcher assists the researcher in providing explanations for ambiguous questions in detail (Aina, 2004) . In the case study performed by the researcher, in depth interviews will be held for parents, Special Education teacher who runs the program, para-medical therapists who are in contact with the children, so as to thoroughly understand the contribution of the intervention program to the quality of the childrens inclusion. The questions will be related to the data that is collected after the completion of study 1. Observation Observation is an instrument deployed by researcher in which a personal behaviour or situation is observed and recorded. Observation participants are mainly of two kinds: participant observation or the non-participant observation. When the researcher is considered to be a part of the group to be observed its participant observation whereas, when the researcher is not a part of the group to be observed its called as non-participant observation. Study 3 Observations will be made by researcher throughout academic year in the implementation of the comprehensive inclusive program number of time so as to examine whether there is a change and how is it expressed in social-communicational skills of the children in the program. The observations will contain a standard sheet with Likert items for several dimensions such as initiations of interactions by the ASD child, level of prompt needed to perform a specific social skill etc., these will be filled in at the end of each class. Some of the items will address also the group of typically developing children, focusing on the interactions with the ASD peer. Analysis The findings will be analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative manner that will address the understanding of the questionnaires, interviews and observations in research study .A perfect fusion of both types of data can provide a detailed understanding of problem. Summary In this research overview of research phases and evolution of Mixed Method Research has been brought into light. Research methods are basically techniques used for research purpose. They are the process and procedures followed to collect, sort and analyze information to draw inferences. With the evolution of time mixed methods research is commonly known as the third methodological movement and has become very much popular as research methods for more than a decade. Mixed Methodology research outlines the methodology and methods of research. Prominent researchers are now a part of the Mixed Method research community which has its own realistic, philosophical, analytical, theoretical and methodological reach as well as layout for the research. Mixed research is realistic as well as practical because it gives researcher a freedom to use all possible methods for addressing a problem. Most of the subfields for example physical education , leadership, counselling psychology etc. have start ed using mixed methods for research and it is expected that the sub fields of education will be placing their mark n the field (Plano Clark, 2005) .Reportedly, the influence of mixed methods can be seen as an emerging revolution. Many developments have been proclaimed in span of last 10 years, inducing many educators, researchers and attracting the attention of scholars worldwide. Mixed Method research is inevitable due of complexity of problem that need to be catered and the rise demand of qualitative research and realistic needs in order to collect multiple types of data from a scattered audience. Primarily considering the factors that lead to the choice of mixed method inculcates result expectation, integration of database, their timing, selection of design and the implementation of project by the researchers. Though mixed method is still in debate and discussion stage and yet to reach consensus. Research outlines the basis of major government policies in an economy . The effect of mixed methods is regarded as a kind of movement as rapid developments have occurred in recent past 20 years . Authors like John W. Creswell and Vicki L. Plano Clark have provided an overview as well as given an introduction to mixed method research which includes the entire process of research starting with writing an introduction, followed by data collection and then data analys is and interpreting and writing mixed method studies .Hence it can be concluded that to get the best outcome of a research study you need to combine all the available techniques for research. The overview of above study and its research methodology, and different types of research methodology like case study, research instruments such as questionnaire, interview, analysing data has helped me personally in reaching a consensus. Moreover, it had a huge impact on understanding of Research methodology by investigating several research methods and choosing the best one for my study. I have tried not to put the research objectives in any kind of jeopardy. I think this entire experience will help in enhancing both my academic competency as well as help in providing invaluable contribution in my professional development. Using mixed methods for the study has helped me in maintain a clear vision and move along with the research objectives References Adedokun, J. (2003). Basics of Research Methodology. Sagamu: New Hope Publisher. Aina, L. (2004). Library and Information Science Text for Africa. Ibadan: Third World Services Limited. American Psychiatric Association, A. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders . American Psychiatric Association . Baskerville, N. B., Hogg, W., Lemelin, J. (2001). Process evaluation of a tailored multifac-eted approach to changing family physician practice patterns improving preventive care. J Fam Pract. , W2429. Burke Johnson, R., Gray, R. (2010). A history of the philosophical and theoretical issues for mixed methods research. Cresswell, J. W. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. London: Sage Publications. Frederickson, N., Furham, A. (1998). Use of sociometric techniques to assess the social status of mainstreamed children with moderate learning difficulties. Genetic, Social and General Psychology , 381-433. Frederickson, N., Graham, B. (1999). Social skills and emotional intelligence. Windsor: NFER-Nelson. Copacia,I.A., Rusub, A. S. (2016). Trends in Higher Education Service-Learning Courses for Pre-Service Teachers: a Systematic Review. Education, Reflection, Development, ERD 2015. Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Kaplan, B., Maxwell, J. A. (1994). Qualitative research methods for evaluating computer information systems. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Plano Clark, V. L. (2005). Cross-disciplinary analysis of the use of mixed methods in physics education research, counseling psychology, and primary care. Dissertation Abstracts International, 66, 02A. Saunders, M., Lewis , P., Thornhill, A. (2009). Research Methods for Business Students (5th edition ed.). Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students. Harlow: Pearson Education. Tashakkori, A. .., Teddlie, C. (2010). Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Zainal, Z. (2007). Case study as a research method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan .

Business Ethics Essays - Social Philosophy, Codes Of Conduct, Ethics

Business Ethics How to behave toward oneself and toward other individuals is a matter of making choices: whether to be friendly or unfriendly; whether to tell the truth or lie; whether to be generous or greedy; whether to study in order to pass an exam or to spend valuable study time watching television and cheat to pass it. These, and all other questions about how people act toward themselves and one another are dealt with in a field of study called ethics. Another name for ethics is morality. Because both words suggest customary ways of behavior, they are somewhat misleading. It had to do with what should or should not be done. Divide practical wisdom into two parts: moral philosophy and political philosophy. They're defined together as a ?true reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man? (Drucker, 1996). One statement of the problem is business organizations, as well as members of society in general, are plagued by the fact that there are liars, cheats, and thieves among us. Liars, cheats, and thieves are not new nor are they likely to disappear. People will do anything and go to whatever extent to get what they want. This is why there's a lack of ethics. Definition of terms: The word ethics is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning ?character,? the pattern of behavior or personality found in an individual or group; moral constitution, moral strength, self discipline and fortitude (Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia). The other is from the Latin mores, meaning ?custom? (Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia). Business Ethics refers to what is right or wrong, or good or bad, human behavior. The concept of business ethics is ?being able to look at your face in the mirror?(Drucker, 1996). Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted by society as being right and proper. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a particular organization or profession. Moral philosophy and political philosophy is true and reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man. In the daily scramble to get ahead, earn a profit, and outwit competitors, some people don't play by the rules. Sometimes the culprits are respected and ordinarily well-behaved persons even though they are accused of a crime or offense. Unfair and unscrupulous actions hinder the development of harmonious relationships between workers and co-workers, and between workers and supervisors. A person who cannot be trusted to do the right thing, fails to win the respect of others. It should be recognized, however, that ethical dilemmas are faced by people at all levels within an organization. Various firms have experienced breaches of ethics. The respected business firms suffer damage to their reputation when questions concerning ethical behavior arise. This is one of the reason formal codes of ethics, developed by many business organizations, and trade associations are popular today. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a pa rticular organization or profession. A recent survey found that 94% of the fortune 500 service and industrial companies have a written code of ethics (American Marketing Association). Companies and trade associations expect their members to abide by such rules as a condition of their engaging in the profession. There are at least two noteworthy limitations to codes of ethics. First, the written rules are sometimes so vague and general they prove to be of little value. Second, codes of ethics are neither a complete nor a completely reliable guide to one's moral obligations. It is impossible for the drafters of such codes to anticipate all the moral dilemmas which may be encountered and impossible for them to draft rules to govern all behavior. Nothing wins support from external groups as much as adherence to strong codes of ethics. People in businesses and businesses are expected to conduct their activities in an ethical manner. Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted by society as being right and proper. Employers and employees practice honesty, fairness, and adherence to the law.

The Magic Of Monkey essays

The Magic Of Monkey essays Monkey from the 70s was recently performed, as a play by Grin and Tonic. Writer/director, Bryan Nason manipulated themes and issues, such as self-discovery, family, good against evil and acceptance. The performance used and demonstrated many elements of drama as well especially roles, relationships, space, place, movement and mood. Monkey empowered these elements to create dramatic meaning that accelerated issues and themes. The themes that are evident in Monkey were relevant and gave meaning to the production. Self-discovery was a theme used throughout the play, and especially with the four main characters. Monkey was becoming a menace because all he ever wanted to do was fight and he didnt really care what the consequences were, as long as he was fighting. This was one of the problems that erupted an argument among the group, which broke them up. While they were separated, they all learnt that they need each other because they are not whole without each other. The roles in Monkey were developed very well because they all had purpose and status. The purpose of all the characters was made clear; Monkeys purpose was to get back into heaven. All of the roles in the play were characterised well especially Tripitaka who had the highest status as he had control over Monkey with the ring around Monkeys head. Family is another major theme in the play because when the group became separated they realised who their real family is, and they are ones you love. Monkey, Pigsy, Sandy and Tripitaka had become very emotionally attached to each other throughout their journey without realising it. The relationships were expressed extremely well because we could immediately identify the type of relationships between the characters, such as the relationship between Monkey, Pigsy and Sandy, it became clear that they had become friends by the end of the ...

Critical Practice in Community Learning and Development- Writing Assignment - 1

Critical Practice in Community Learning and Development- Writing Communities - Assignment Example The content of this paper has three main overlapping aims. The first aim is to provide a detail and specific description on why literacy practices are important for enabling community learning and development. Secondly, this paper gives a theoretical understanding by linking literacy practices with how communities make their sense of living through daily practices. The content of this paper draws attention to vernacular literacy practices, which are often devalued, overlooked, and sometimes referred to hidden literacy practices. The main purpose of writing this essay is to show how literacy practices can help improve the learning of a group of sixteen young people of mixed gender who do not attend mainstream school due to their behavior and other issues. Currently, studies in learning and teaching languages have treated writing, reading, and grammar mastery as different personal skills. This is evident since nowadays language examination is in foreign languages and vernacular differently (Barton & Hamilton 1998, p. 17). In this paper, a more holistic and social view of studying language is approved since people currently vies literacy as the ability to understand textual world in different contexts and forms both in foreign languages and mother tongue(s). Most study materials then interpret literacy as an essential social practice, something the people in a community do with a number of texts to engage in social communities’ meaning making. Literacy practices involve the construction of values, knowledge, attitude, feelings, and beliefs associated with writing and reading of certain texts within a particular context (Barton & Hamilton 1998, p. 23). Literacy practice can be helpful to the group of sixteen young people who do n ot attend school to develop their way of reading and writing since the world is totally changing. Literacy practices realization can take place in particular live events. For instance, in a concrete function where texts are

Economic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Economic - Assignment Example In the perfect competition case the focus of the discussion is break-even profits in the long run. In the perfect competition scenario the emphasis of the analysis is on product differentiation strategy. In our first case we have small firm operating in a very competitive environment. The type of environment this company is dealing with can be categorized in economic terms as a perfect competition market structure. Perfect competition is an economic market structure that has many sellers and buyers participating where the firms sell identical products which allows for customers to substitute goods or services with ease (Investopedia, 2009). In this market structure the barriers of entry as low. The low barriers of entry create easy access for suitors to participate in the marketplace. Due to the intense competition companies often leave the marketplace. The fact that products are similar in nature allows for many substitute products to appear. A good example of businesses that participate in perfect competition is the agricultural industry players. In perfect competition the formula to determine profits is price equals marginal costs equals marginal revenues (P=MC=MR). A qualitative interpretation of this formula is that there are cero economic profits achieved in the long run. Since the sellers realize the existence of the zero profit phenomenon merchants are not worried as much about unitary profits in the short run, they instead concentrate on accumulating profits over the long survival. Survival for companies operation under perfect competition is the sign of success. Appendix A shows a graphical illustration of profit behavior under perfect competition. Case b in the graph illustrates the zero profit long run scenario. Appendix B provides more details about the equilibrium that creates a break even profit. Understanding the true reasons why there is not profit in this market structure in the long run is not really that complicated. The profits and

Easy Jet Competitive Advantage Tourism Essay

Easy Jet Competitive Advantage Tourism Essay Easy jet which is having Mission statement as to provide our customers the safe journey,good worth,point to point air service and to offer a reliable and consistent product and fares appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of european routes and to achieve this will increase our peoples and estabilish lifelong relation ship.this mission statement is clearly saying that wat they want and we will get in to this case study and find out how easyjet get into this position and where it is now and where it is going what it should do with the following analysis given below, Is market positioning enough to achieve sustainable competitive advantage in this industry? To analyse this activities we will use Porters Five Force analysis and SWOT and PEST analysis of this industry and we will check the value chain and competitive scope of this Easy Jet. The overall analysis will give the clear conclusion that its profitable factors and to be continued in same manner and to develop to get grow in the future. Strategy: It is defined as an alternative chosen to make happen a desired future, such as achievement of a goal or solution to a problem. Art and science of planning and marshalling resources for their most efficient and effective use. The term is derived from the Greek word (Stratigos) for general ship or leading an army. (www. businessdictionary.com) Macro environment: Major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organizations decision making, and affect its performance and strategies. These factors include the economic, demographics, legal, political, and social conditions, technological changes, and natural forces. 2. Factors that influence a companys or products development that are outside of the companys control. For example, the macro environment could include competitors, changes in interest rates, changes in cultural tastes, or government regulations. (www.businessdictionary.com) PESTLE ANALYSIS: PEST analysis is the tool to measure the marketing environment, and its looking the external factors of the airline industry. First we analysis the present situation of easy jet. Politico legal factors: Politico legal factors is The political and legal environment consists of government agencies, laws and the pressure groups which influence. In some situation the law also create new opportunities for starts the new business. The two important trends in the political-legal environment are to increase the growth of special interest groups and the business legislation (Kotler, et al., 2009, p.171). The Easy Jet had the political problem in Switzerland due to the delay of flights to the various cities. The basic problem for these incidents is given below.The EasyJet flights are flies into Basel and Geneva airports but with a dismal on-time record, according to status of the flightstats.com. The online websites that tracks that the 20 most active routes for the carrier, but the Easy Jet planes from Geneva to London to be schedule about half of the time, It is the average delay of 74 minutes. Flights from London to Geneva are mismatch in its schedule by 31% of the time, and its the average delays of 38 minutes. The worst route for being on time between Palma Mallorca to Geneva, by these 82 per cent of the flights are late, according to flight stats. At no time did the company want to have such delays, said Jean-Marc Thà ©venaz, general director. We regret the situation. To help fix the problem, Thà ©venaz said that the company had decreased the number of flights during certain periods. We are trying to create some timeslots during the day when we fly less so as to be able to juggle our planes around to minimize delays, he said. He added that the company also has an extra plane on the ground in Britain that could be assigned to stay in Geneva. European Union is enlarging in the east. Its a right time the Easy Jet will increase the new market in the Eastern Europe. UK government going to increase the tax coming year .so it will affect the low cost and no frills approach. Economy factors: The available purchasing power in an economy depends on prices, current incomes, savings, credit availabilities and debts. Marketers must pay careful attention to trends affecting purchasing power, because they can have a strong impact on business (Kotler, et al., 2009, p.163). Easy Jet shares had fell up-to 7% on the last month for the fears over crewing issues. Carolyn McCall, who joined as chief executive from Guardian Media Group at the start of this month, said Easy Jet would seek to address the staffing problems, with a focus on flight delays at Gatwick airport. Douglas McNeill, said the crewing problems were worrying and we know theyve developed a problem, But we wont know the causes and the long-term costs of fixing it until November. From the volcanic ash problem the company had paid  £36m as compensation. The company had lost their estimated sales and its cost around  £29m. Easy jet said It was disappointed with the decision by the UK government not to compensate losses related to the ash cloud, which forced Easy Jet to cancel 7,314 flights. Easy Jet revenues for last three months are 5.3% to  £759m and the seats are flown up into 1.7 %. The Easy Jet peoples said It expected to make a pre-tax profit this year of between  £100m and  £150m at current exchange rates. Share Price of Easy Jet Figure: Chart of easy jet share price for last three months http://www.lse.co.uk/SharePrice.asp?shareprice From my analysis the company must be on-time performance and its needs to be better the numbers staff can be improved. Sometimes it may spoil the good name, goodwill, reputation and the image of easyGroup. Socio-Cultural factors: Society shapes the values, beliefs and norms that largely define consumer tastes and preferences. People absorb, almost unconsciously, a worldview that defines their relationship to themselves, to others, to organisations, to society, to nature, and to the universe (Kotler, et al., 2009, p.171). Easyjet had a problem in the social and cultural factors. The company has various approaches to selling the air tickets through online and telephonic rather than agencies. German and France peoples are dont have much interested to use online and telephonic ticket booking and also they dont like to use credit cards and debit cards in internet booking. So the company is having difficulty to achieve the target of sale. Most of the people expecting to fly in cheap and friendly fare when we giving advertisement in newspaper like family package and also giving low cast fare  £10 per person. Technological factors One of the most dramatic forces shaping peoples lives in technology. Every new technology is a force for creative destruction. The number of major new technologies we discover affects the economys growth rate (Kotler, et al., 2009, p.169 ). Easy Jet had design the new devise to fix in the tail. Around 100km the device can detect the ash clouds. The cost of  £1m is spent by the company to develop and test the technology. Airbus is the leading manufacturer of aircrafts. The company hopes to fix the devise to all their aircrafts. It can be implemented by next year. The AVOID Airborne Volcanic Object Identifier and Detector technology is designed to work like the weather detection systems already in use for spotting thunderstorms. A lightweight infrared device would provide images to both the pilots and an airlines flight control centre, enabling pilots to see an ash cloud at altitudes between 5,000 feet and 50,000 feet. In the volcanic ash problem all the airline industries are lost more than one billion US dollars and the relevant business to the airline companies are lost twice the amount like tourist hotels, cabs, and airport authorities. In the volcanic eruption the flights are damaged massively. We have understood the basic problem of the aircrafts during the time of ash clouds. The companies are monitoring the problem of ash clouds through the satellites. But its not enough to prevent the aircraft at the time of eruption. So the aircraft companies are ready to spend millions and millions of amount to solving this problem. According to the statement of ESA (European Space Agency) from the period 1982 to 2000 the volcanic ash clouds can damage more than 100 aircrafts by average of 65 volcanic eruptions by each and every year. Around 250 m US dollar can be estimated as a loss for the airlines industries from last 25 years. The basic problem of the volcanic ash is that can be containing so many raw particles (eg glass, rocks and other relatively large objects) can damage the propeller of the jet. It can be easily affect the engine to stop immediately. Then it can damaged the sensitive parts of the aircrafts (eg clog its sensors, limit the view of its pilots, and severely scratch, or sandblast, cockpit windows, landing light covers and parts of the tail and wings). These damages are found by ESA through the satellites. Technologically Easy Jet is in the right place to develop the new trends but it can lacking to implement the technology in the aircraft maintenances. External environment: Conditions, entities, events and factors surrounding an organization which influence its activities and choices, and determine its opportunities and risks. Also called operating environment.(www.businessdictionary.com) Easy Jet Airline Company Limited: Strengths: Easy Jet is a leading provider of low budget, no frills air travel servicing many of the leading city destinations in the UK and across Europe, including Berlin, Amsterdam, Barcelona, and Prague. They offer a high quality service at competitive prices and offer a number of features including ticketless travel, internet booking and assisted travel services.They have a highly distinctive livery on their fleet of aircraft making them easily recognisable and distinguishing them from their competitors. They have a user friendly website which fully discloses the price breakdown of the passengers planned travel. Offering a full breakdown of the price plan prevents any hidden charges when the customer confirms there booking. Easy Jet offers an online promotion alert which is e-mailed to existing customers and contact on the companys database. It is recognised as a leading brand name in the UK travel industry. As a market leader in an industry widely seen as a leading contributor to the green house effect and global warming, Easy Jet actively embrace there environmental responsibilities and continue to keep these factors as a keep priority when developing their future strategies. Easy Jet operate a fast and efficient service with an average turnaround time of 30 minutes or below. This enables them to maintain a reliable and hassle free service to their passengers. Weaknesses: Domestic air travel is an extremely competitive industry with EasyJets main competitors being Jet2, BMI Baby, Ryan Air plus a host of smaller independent competitors. These external competitive forces can restrict and shape pricing policy on some of EasyJets less profitable routes as they seek to compete with their competitors. They do not offer a free food service on longer flights of 2 hours plus. Opportunities: It might possible for an opening of alternative routes to major cities in Europe. A key route could be from Dublin to the UK, as this has a large potential for travellers going to soccer matches in the UK plus new links into corporate flyers to and from the UK. Offering of free refreshments on flights with a travel time of over two and a half hours. This would offer an extra perk and comfort to passengers making their experience with EasyJet all the more comfortable and enjoyable. Updated versions of the fly on the wall documentaries would provide the brand with more coverage and publicity. Threats: Competitors flying the same routes compete very competitively on price forcing pressure on margin on more popular flights and time slots. External market forces can have a significant impact on Easy Jets business, e.g. the rising cost of oil can have a significant impact on running costs putting significant pressure on the profitability of less popular routes and time slots. Pressure from unions and employee relations committees can significantly impact on the day to day operations with strikes proving to be very costly to the companys image. Economic downturn may lead to a decrease in casual flyers and corporate travel as companies seek to curtail what they see as unnecessary expenditure and in turn make less business trips. Competitive advantage: Marketing mix is the most important factors in the marketing management. Every company is using the marketing mix to attract the customers and develop the company. Marketing success of a company is depends on how much marketing mix using Fairley to cover the customers. After several studies and research the classic 4ps of marketing mix has changed into 7Ps (by Booms Bitner). However the 4ps is still the most common model of the marketing mix. By the competitive advantage we analysis the Marketing mix. It contains 4Ps that Production, Price, Promotion and Place/Distribution. Easy Jet has been named the worlds best low cost airline in the annual World Airline Awards. Skytrax made a survey for 15million passengers by the period of 11 months. It is the world largest survey among the passengers. Its shown the star ranking of the airlines and quality of the airlines. Commenting on Easy Jets achievement, Skytrax CEO, Edward Plaisted, said: Low-cost does not need to, nor should it equate to, low-quality service. Easy Jet is clear testament that low-cost operations can be delivered with a good standard of customer care and passenger service quality with their level of customer loyalty clearly demonstrating a winning formula. No-Frills, point to point air services We can hire the car from the website of Easy Jet and we can access the hotels and apartments from their websites. Place / distribution: Place /distribution refers to how the product gets to the buyer; for instance, point-of-sale assignment or retailing. This third P has furthermore at times been called Place, referring to the channel by which a product or service is sold. The easy jet websites has targeted the customers those are not willing to get the tickets through agencies or third parties. The company policies are not allowed the intermediates to raise the actual price up to 20 percent to 30 percent as a commission. So the passengers do not know the actual price of the ait ticket. The company is targeted the passengers are saving the money as well as the time. The Easy Jet websites provides the customers very easy to access. Easy booking accommodation Flight schedule Cab booking And other transportation Likewise the company has provides the customers are easily book their tickets through telephone. There are unique packages for the business peoples which is having the special selection on their websites. The option is B2B-Business to Business transaction which can be indicates in the EasyJet website. Promotion: This includes advertising, sales promotion, including promotional education, publicity, and individual selling. Branding refers to the assorted strategies of promoting the product, brand, or company. Media advertising- Pulsed, pioneering, competitive or product oriented. Comparative ads disrupt consumers beliefs re competitors. Creative campaigns create controversy, shift perceptions change rules of the game. Personal selling- Although needed, is seen as less important for destabilizing in turbulent market. Public relations- Less important, but small PR activities can nudge system towards destabilization. Sales promotions- If used with price, can be effective/destabilizing. Minor, but unusual promotions/ changes lead to major impacts. More effective than adverts inturbulent markets. Word of mouth -Very important influence-the-influencer promos. Spread info re new, amazing aspects of product. Use multiplier channels like Internet, discussion groups. Aggressive use of promotions-Aggressive use enables trends to be nudged advantage to be taken of turbulence. Speed of change- To be unusual surprising, campaigns must be short-term, changed frequently. Importance -Important to manage via nudge effect, but less effective for major changes. It is a decision of how best to communicate the product to target audience and how to persuade them to buy it (Lovelock, Patterson and Walker, 1996). No marketing program can succeed without an effective communication program. This component plays three vital roles: providing needed information and advice, persuading target customers of the merits of a specific product, and encouraging them to take action at specific times (Lovelock and Wright, 2002). Easy Jet achieved the target of 500 routes in 15 years. The company crossed 300 million passengers are live in the airports in an hour. The growth ratio of the company is increased by 10 percent while compare to the previous year. The Easy Jet is the leading low-price airlines in the European airlines industries. The advertisement strap line is Size Matters!And Its slogan is The Webs favourite airline. Their approach is called No-nonsense approach like humorous. (http://business.easyjet.com/downloads/easyJet-Price-Comparison-Results.pdf) Conclusion: Easy Jet need to consider regarding responding to new entrants by the segments or considering competition based on price, services, and routes that gives an advantage to keep new entries outside the market. By considering the current market trends a perfect strategy to be planned based on the marketing mix.   To discriminate the brand sustain on development lines, the company can implement a CRM (cause related marketing) offers, manage its accessibility of being a caring airlines. And by providing travelers a sense of psychological comfort and well-being while they selecting to fly by Easy Jet. On overall, Easy Jet needs to develop the accurate and realistic to serve the passengers.

Maturity and Self-Identity in Munro’s Boys and Girls by Alice Munro Ess

Maturity and Self-Identity in Munro’s Boys and Girls  Ã‚        Ã‚   In Alice Munro’s story "Boys and Girls" the main character/narrator disobeys her father without her father knowing. She does this because she is starting to become her own person. Her maturity and capability to make her own decisions are pointed out distinctively as the story develops. Therefore she continued to do little things against the beliefs of her family, because as she said, "I kept myself free" (1008). You can tell that she was an outcast from the rest of her family, due to the fact that she did not act like a girl as her grandmother continued to try and point out to her. Her grandmother kept nagging her continually saying, "Girls don’t slam doors like that. Girls keep their knees together when they sit down" (1008). Day by day she kept on getting hassled. It seemed to me as if she was constantly getting picked on by the rest of her family. There is a keyword in this story, and the word is "girl." That word is brought up all the time in front of her, as though her family thought she did not act enoug...

Advent Of Implants Rendered Endodontics Health And Social Care Essay

The justification for pull outing a tooth which has been endodontically treated and puting an implant in its position is a sensitive and combative one. In 2005 Ruskin et al1 published a professional sentiment article in which a strong instance is made for the extraction of dentitions and immediate arrangement of an implant over endodontic intervention. The writers province that the literature provides a clear advantage for implants in footings of success rates, predictability, and cost when compared with endodontic therapy. This point of view represents one extreme of what is going a turning argument sing whether or non to pull out a tooth which may be otherwise retained through endodontic intervention in favor of an endosseous implant. With the osseointegrated alveolar consonant implant construct developed by Brnemark going a widely accepted intervention mode for the replacing of losing dentition, the pick to retain a morbid tooth through endodontic intervention or pull out it and p ut an endosseous implant-borne prosthetic device is going a modern treatment-planning quandary. There is no uncertainty that the modern implant is a brilliant intervention pick when dentitions have been lost due to periodontic disease, cavities, or traumatic hurt. However, does the grounds support the bold claims of Ruskin and others? This reappraisal aims to reply this inquiry by analyzing the grounds available in the literature, comparing both intervention options under a figure of standards, and offering an sentiment as to whether the coming of implants truly has rendered endodontias disused. When researching the literature to compare between success rates of endodontic and implant intervention, a common job is cited in many articles12-15 relating to the markedly different standards used to mensurate success. Torabinejad et al16 found that result steps used in the endodontic literature were more rigorous than those in implant surveies. Endodontic success seems to be assessed utilizing the standards set out by Strindberg in 195617 ( or alterations of these criteria18 ) , which require the absence of periapical radiolucencies with a normal, integral periodontic ligament and integral lamina dura environing the vertex. Clinical map and histopathological rating of biopsied tissue samples have besides been used19. However, the success of implants has been mostly judged on survivability. Implant endurance has been described by Albrektsson20 as implants that are still in map but unseasoned against the positive result standards outlined by Watson et al21, i.e. an implant which is functional, symptom free and with no obvious clinical pathology. Therefore, the definition of endurance as found in the implant literature does non take into history the fact that there may be associated bone loss, redness or periodontic defects associated with these implants. For illustration, in a survey conducted by Brocard et al22, implants with marks of peri-implantitis and maintained by antibiotic intervention were non considered failures. Therefore, it has been suggested that success rates for endodontic therapy and implants may be unnaturally low and high, severally, because of the narrow definition of success used in endodontic clinical research and the slightly broad standards for success in the implant literature. In add-on to this job, Morris et al12 found that success rates of endodontic intervention surveies may be negatively biased because of the varying degrees of clinical experience of those executing the interventions, with the bulk of processs being performed by general practicians and pupils in the endodontic literature15, 23. In contrast to this, most implants were placed by specialists24. Some surveies have striven to battle these disagreements. Hannahan and Eleazer25 gauged both intervention types by specifying success as the radiographic grounds that the implant or treated tooth was still present in the oral cavity and that there were no marks or symptoms necessitating intercession during the follow up period. They found that there was no important difference between the success of either implant or endodontic intervention ( 98.4 % and 99.3 % severally ) but that there was a important difference in the demand for intercession after intervention, with 12.4 % of implants but merely 1.4 % of endodontically treated teeth necessitating intercessions. These findings were supported in a retrospective chart review14, which found that both interventions had similar failure rates but that implants had a higher frequence of postoperative complications which required intercession ( 17.9 % ) . Deporter et al26 besides found similar failure rates between the two but once more rep orted that implants had a higher incidence of postoperative complications necessitating intervention. Additionally, two separate systematic reappraisals in 200713, 27 concluded that the two interventions produce similar results. Physiological Factors, Function and Aestheticss Schulte28 found that the proprioceptive mechanisms of the natural tooth can non be replaced by ankylotic maintained implants. Trulsson29 showed that periodontic receptors expeditiously encode tonss when dentitions ab initio touch and manoeuvre nutrient, and merely a little sum of receptors encode the quick and powerful addition in force associated with seize with teething through nutrient. Consequently, patients who lack signals from periodontic afferent fibers such as those with implants – show an impaired all right motor control of the mandible. Therefore, tooth loss and replacing with an implant may hold inauspicious physiological and functional effects. Aestheticss has been reported as the most frequent job with implants in the anterior region30. Torabinejad and Goodacre31 found that a natural tooth can frequently accomplish better aesthetic consequences than an implant, but that in instances where the intervention program involves coronating the natural tooth, an implant Crown may be a better pick. This is because the implant can be crafted with a thicker sum of porcelain that enhances the colour-matching potency, particularly in the cervical part. Troubles have besides been reported in accomplishing aesthetic consequences when two next anterior dentitions are replaced with implants. It has been shown that merely 3-4 millimeter of soft tissue will organize coronal to cram lying between two implants, which may take to the loss of the interdental papilla and the formation of an inaesthetic black trigon between the two restorations32. Therefore, retaining a natural tooth maintains the proximal crestal bone and interdental papilla, helping overall aesthetics and visual aspect. Cost Benefit A cost benefit analysis comparing between single-tooth implants and endodontic intervention by Moiseiwitsch and Caplan33 concluded that – excepting any subsidiary processs such as bone transplants, sinus lifts or crown prolongation processs – endodontias and a Crown is less expensive, requires less visits and is completed quicker than an implant. Pennington et al34 found that root canal intervention is extremely cost-efficient and that orthograde re-treatment when confronted with initial failure is besides cost effectual, although surgical re-treatment was found non to be. This allowed them to reason that implants may hold a function as a 3rd line of intercession if re-treatment fails. Christensen35 found that an implant-supported Crown costs about dual that of a root-treated tooth restored with a Crown. This grounds suggests that, at least from a fiscal point of view, endodontic intervention may be a preferred pick compared with implants. Decisions It is clear from the grounds that both intervention modes are, within their ain indicants, extremely successful and permanent Restorations. However, the bold suggestion of this reviews rubric is erroneous. It has been shown that it is hard if non impossible to compare endodontic intervention and implants in footings of result because of the huge differences in the definition of success between the two in the literature. This contradicts Ruskins claim that implants keep a clear advantage and that they are more predictable in result than an endodontically treated tooth. Rigorous standards utilized in root canal predictive surveies may take to the recording of lower rates of success, while the usage of less terrible success standards in implant surveies may bring forth higher success rates. Iqbal and Kim13 concluded that the determination to endodontically handle a tooth or infusion and replace it with an implant Restoration should be governed by factors other than outcome because of th e troubles in comparing the two, and recommended that all attempts should be made to continue the natural tooth before sing extraction and replacing. To let us to do a more accurate comparing between the two intervention modes, standardized methods of finding success must be used in the implant literature. There is no deficiency of recommendations for such standards. Albrektsson et al36 set forward their standards for implant success in 1986 that included absence of mobility, absence of peri-implant radiolucency, absence of marks and symptoms, loss of fringy bone of less than 1.5 millimeter during the first twelvemonth after interpolation of the prosthetic device and less than 0.2 mm one-year bone loss thenceforth, and a minimal 10-year keeping rate of 80 % . Others have besides proposed add-ons to this set of criteria37, 38. What can be stated for certain is that endodontic intervention shows great value in its long-run permanency and success. One of the chief aims in dental medicine is the saving of the natural teething, often and successfully achieved utilizing endodontic intervention. A 2007 meta-analysis39 showed that natural dentitions surrounded by normal healthy periodontal tissues demonstrate a really high length of service of up to 99.5 % over 50 old ages, and even dentitions which are undermined periodontally can hold survival rates of between 92-93 % one time treated and maintained on a regular basis. This survey concluded that implants do non excel the permanency of a natural tooth even if it is compromised but treated efficaciously. Therefore an implant should non be an alternate for dentitions that can be restored and maintained. Indeed, the keeping of dentition is of import to most patients. As tooth doctors, one of our primary ends is the saving of the natural teething. We must ne'er shun our responsibility to salvage dentitions whenever possible, despite the frequent and sometimes aggressive protagonism of implant arrangement over root canal intervention. A conference every bit early as 1979 seeking a consensus on dental implants warned that selling was forcing what was a budding engineering into uncontrolled and extended use40. It has besides been shown that implant surveies have a high hazard of bias41. Today there is a turning tendency among some purveyors of implants to advance this engineering as a superior intervention option to endodontias, a tendency which may bias the general tooth doctors objectiveness and forbid them from appropriately measuring and reding their patients. A instance is frequently made that dentitions with failed endodontic intervention, which are campaigners for retreatment to t o the full eliminate periradicular disease, have a high hazard of failure. However, there is plentiful grounds in the literature that punctilious controlled disinfection can take to about 100 % healing and function42, 43. It is this reviews recommendation that the determination to pull out a tooth with the purpose of puting an implant-borne Restoration should be dictated by the clinicians scrutiny of the single patient and based on both the grounds above and clinical opinion. In instances of ongoing endodontic disease, endodontic orthograde or retrograde intervention must ever be the first pick.

Neglected Diseases Neglected Tropical Diseases - 1215 Words

â€Å"More than one billion people, one-sixth of the world’s population, suffer from one or more Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)† (â€Å"Neglected Tropical Diseases†). NTDs or Neglected Tropical Diseases affect all low-income countries, due to the fact that they are unable to afford the treatment it takes to deal with the diseases. It is often neglected due to the fact that larger, more globally impactful diseases like HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria are being widely recognized. Although these diseases are significant to all countries of the world, NTDs still have devastating effects on millions of people every day. The fact that there are neglected diseases less funded and recognized than certain global diseases is a human rights violation. Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) affect the world s poorest people, NTDs impair physical and cognitive development, contribute to mother and child illness and death, make it difficult to farm or earn a living, and li mit productivity in the workplace (Neglected Tropical Diseases, CDC). Neglected diseases can be devastating due to the fact that it causes disablements, which leads to the inability to work, become pregnant, efficiency, and the children that are impacted by NDs can be stunted in their growth. Since most of these occurrences happen in underdeveloped countries where treatment is unavailable, the diseases keep the poverty cycle going. 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