The Downfall Of Julius Caesar - 962 Words

July 12, 100 BC a great Roman general by the name of Julius Caesar was born in Rome, Italy. Caesar was â€Å"born to a family of particans but his uncle Marius was a famous general† (History.com, 2009). Eventually, Caesar rose up through the ranks and became a great general. Caesar eventually went to war with Pompey and was able to drive Pompey out making Caesar believe declare himself the dictator for life. Even though under Caesar’s control daily Roman life improved, his assassination was for the best of the Roman people because he had stated himself as the dictator for life in Rome, ruining any chance of continuing democracy, he was self-centered, Rome got a new ruler and became successful Caesar, being ambitious, was able to further his career very quickly.â€Å"In the early 60 BC, he launched his own successful political and military career. Rising rapidly, he campaigned successfully for the consulship in 60 B.C. and struck a deal with two of Rome’s leadin g figures, Pompey and Crassus (History.com, 2009)†. This partnership was a career springboard which made him a more influential person in Rome. When Caesar went to war with Pompey, he eventually managed to drive him out; upon his success, â€Å"Caesar was made dictator for life and hailed as the Father of his Country† (Wasson). Having a dictator can mean that the government is no longer a democracy but a dictatorship. Creating an unfair government for Rome that contains a majority of Caesar’s opinions and supporters, and notShow MoreRelatedThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1795 Words   |  8 Pagespeople. Julius Caesar quickly became a powerful influence through the help of the Pompey the Great and Marcus Licinius Crassus when they formed the political alliance the First Triumvirate. Yet, he quickly fell from power just a few years after his daughter’s death. Julius Caesar’s downfall has always been attributed to his pride and the betrayal of these al lies. However, Julia Caesar, his only daughter, played a significant role in establishing the First Triumvirate, which led to Julius Caesar’sRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1087 Words   |  5 Pages Augustus paper In his seventy sixth year Julius Caesar was assassinated by several senators on August 19, 14 CE. (Mellor 1). After Julius Caesar’s death, Antony (one of Caesar’s closest advisors) was expected to rule after him, but little did anyone know that Caesar was very fond of his nephew who voyaged with him on several missions and secretly adopted this fellow who went by the name of Gaius Octavius. (Mellor 6) Octavius would soon go by the name Augustus and become one of the greatest leadersRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1678 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Julius Caesar provides a largely accurate and incredibly detailed record of the assassination of its namesake, the play is regarded not as one of the Bard’s histories, but as one of his greatest tragedies. Shakespeare’s poignant lyrical interpretation of the fall of Julius Caesar is defined without a doubt as a tragedy by the sorrowful nature of the development, execution, and aftermath of Mar cus Brutus’ betrayal of Julius Caesar. At the start of the timelessly classic play, Julius Caesar wasRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1356 Words   |  6 Pagesthe first to pop into the mind; Caesar.   Undoubtedly one of the most consequential men to have ever lived, Julius Caesar left a lasting legacy of military and political domination.   Caesar’s assassination sent shockwaves throughout Rome and its territories, leaving many to question what man could and would take the late leader’s place.   Many men vied for the most powerful position in the ancient world, but only one man could win this struggle. Gaius Octavius, Caesar s great nephew and adoptive sonRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar Essay1950 Words   |  8 Pages The years after the murder of Gaius Julius Caesar were among the most turbulent and uncertain times Rome had ever faced. With both Octavian and Marc Antony vying for the throne, a bloody civil war was unfolding. However, from those trying times emerged a reborn Rome, with Augustus Caesar, the First Emperor of Rome, at the helm. While the Republic was no more, Augustus as the sole ruler of the Roman empire ushered in a new age, one of morality, renewed religious practices, architecture, and mostRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar2075 Words   |  9 PagesJulius Caesar was and still is considered to be one of the greatest military generals in history. His combination of leadership skills, military genius, and speaking ability propelled him to the forefront of Roman society. Born on June 12/13 100 B.C., Caesar was born into an ancient aristocratic family. Around the age of 16 after his father had died, Caesar had joined the military. It was apparent from this time onward that Caes ar was especially gifted in the arts of strategy and warfare. By theRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar989 Words   |  4 PagesRome Republic was set up in about 509BC. According to the structure of the Rome Republic. The power was divided to various departments. However, from Julius Caesar, the power began to be held by one person. After Caesar’s death, one of the consul Antony tried to despoil the power for himself. Another consul Cicero had the first philippic on September 2, 44 BC. Antony delivered a savage and violent to reply Cicero. However, Cicero then composed the second philippic, he also published books to againstRead More Julius Caesar - Tragic Hero Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pages Julius Caesar as a Tragic Hero amp;#9;Julius Caesar is a play written by William Shakespeare during the year 1597. Julius Caesar’s story involves a conspiracy against Julius Caesar, a powerful senator. The play involves a highly respected senator, Brutus, who decides to join the conspiracy to kill Julius Caesar, in the effort to keep democracy intact. Brutus believes that if Julius Caesar is allowed to live, Caesar will take a kingship and turn the government into a monarchy. Brutus, CassiusRead MoreConventions of a Shakespeare Tragedy1189 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare that has a certain effect. The tragic hero always has a tragic flaw. A tragic hero cannot be a hero unless he has a tragic flaw. The tragic flaw brings the downfall of the hero. Othello is the tragic hero, because Othello is a character of nobility. He is good at the beginning but at the end he starts to become evil. ‘‘Othello’s downfall is jealousy (Othello’s Tragic Flaw) Iago tells Othello not to be jealous when Othello thinks his wife is cheating on him. Iago says to Othello, â€Å"O, beware, myRead MoreMarcus Brutus: Shakespeares Tragic Hero in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar1238 Words   |  5 PagesTragedy of Julius Caesar. Shakespeare defines tragic hero as a flawed character who has good fortune, and then loses all he has prized, leading to his misfortune, but a tragic hero must have that moment of enlightenment, that moment where a character can see that he caused his own downfall and receives the blame for his own tragedy. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is based on an historical event- the assassination of Julius Caesar; however, the story revolves around the conspirators, not Caesar. The

The Equal Protection Of The United States - 991 Words

Such discrimination goes against the 14th Amendment of our Constitution under the Equal Protection Clause, which states that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This law should protect everyone regardless of race or ethnicity. This very much explains why in every single state of the U.S, poverty rates are higher for the African Americans than Whites. According to research done by the Kaiser Family Foundation in all 50 states, the poverty rates are higher for African Americans than whites. Blacks are also much more likely to be sent to jail for drug possession, even though they are not more likely to use drugs. According to the Constitutional Rights Foundation, â€Å"Blacks are only†¦show more content†¦As noted, 38 percent of blacks are in prison because of a drug related crime. The unequal sentencing that MacDonald claims helps blacks, is discrimination. Such discrimination goes against the exact principles of the equal protection clause. This law was created for the sole purpose of protecting everyone regardless of the color of his or her skin. Unequal sentencing equals unequal protection. Incarceration doesn’t just mean sentencing and fining, it means that they will spend their lives with a record that will not allow them to succeed. It is evident that they will fall back behind everyone else. It is unfair to systematically incarcerate one group and not another. Along with the high incarceration rates, many people face police brutality. Today , the police department’s use of excessive force is generating headlines everywhere. Headlines were of the fatal shootings of Michael Brown. More news showed Eric Garner, who was choked to death by a New York police officer concerned that Garner was selling untaxed, loose cigarettes. Both Garner and Brown were black and the officers in the cases were not indicted. This has many people questioning the system. According to Berteau Joisil’s book, Dream Builders, Dream Killers, from 1995 to 2000, there were almost 10,000 cases of police use of excessive force reported in the U.S.; African Americans made up 47.5

Sustainable Development of Heathrow Airport †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sustainable Development of Heathrow Airport. Answer: Introduction: In the current scenario, environmental management and economic progress is a very complicated process that affects both the sustainability and quality of the society. It is important to have a clear understanding for the multidisciplinary interrelationships between the environment and sustainable development as per Scoones (2016). Major emphasis is placed on the sustainable growth, globalization, sustainability and organizational performance. Sustainable development is practiced by the organizations currently to improve the existing conditions of the society. Heathrow airport is a leading international airport situated in London and practices sustainable development for efficient environmental management (Heathrow.com, 2018). It is regarded as the most crucial part of infrastructure that is required to maintain the regular operation of the nations aircraft. Major environmental and sustainable issues that are raised with relation to the operations of Heathrow airport are energy consumption, noise issues, emissions and land use by the airport. Heathrow airport has been continuously improving the organizational performances since last few years. The company is emitting 37% less carbon than it previously emitted in the year 1990. Heathrow airport needs to reduce its aircrafts emission rate by 34% up to the end of year 2020 (Heathrow.com, 2018). The main challenge faced by the airport authority is to identify a balanced approach so that productivity of the firm can be raised for increasing the potentials in future. This also leads to minimize the negative environmental impact of the organization on the other hand. While according to Adams et al., (2016) pollution from ground-service vehicles at airport besides the aircraft emissions is a part of environmental burden for Heathrow airport. In the recent times, environmental constraints and limits are implemented by the airport so that the environmental costs related to aviation industry can be cut down. As per Mota et al., (2015) environmental capacities limit the amount of air traffic movement for cargo and people. The company also foster other related measurements that keeps the burdens of environment below the defined limits. It is important to address the pollution issues and air quality concerns raised by various operational activities in the airport. Different mechanism and solutions is implemented by the airport so that the organization can effectively achieve sustainable development as suggested by Hallstedt (2017). The solutions may range from using effective technologies and procedures so that the aircrafts emissions at landings and takeoff can be greatly reduced. The solution also ranges from using procedures and technologies. The sustainable management of airport ranging from fleet to aircraft leads to impr oving the efficiency of organization (Lozano et al., 2015). Moreover, use of alternative fuel sources for power heating and ground support system is highly advisable. These strategies are highly beneficial for minimizing emissions that are controlled by the airport operators. Noise issues are another major problem that is faced by Heathrow airport. Aircraft produces more noises during landing and take-off and is therefore considered to be a great contributor of excessive noise problem. This is also one of the most fatal environmental problems that need to be tackle by Heathrow airport. Moreover, the noise generated through the ground access system within the airport that adds to the already existing problem leading to excessive noise. According to Sands and Lee (2015) with respect to issues of excessive noise within the vicinity of airports is a major concern for the airport. It is the duty of the organization to reduce the excessive noise emissions and help the community with its effective plan. Heathrow airport needs to find solutions such as application of new designs and technologies, urban planning and restricting aircraft operational activities to some extent (Strezov, Evans Evans, 2017). Managing runaways and routes, nighttime flights as well as frequency of flights needs to be checked are few of the mitigating measures that can be applied to meet the prescribed limits and noise quotas. As per Schaltegger, Ldeke-Freund and Hansen (2016) to protect the local communities from the vicinity of Heathrow airport, applying curfews and avoidance of noise emission during night can be few of the most practical way to handle the issue. However, as per Pelletier et al., (2018) imposing restrictions on the airports night flight and imposing curfew can lead to under utilization of Heathrows infrastructure. This is not favorable with respect to economic viability and grow3th of the airport. According to Neslen (2018) Heathrow airports does not only impact the environment through noise and emission issues but the land used by the airport besides ground and waste congestion are crucial factors that needs to be considered. It is important for the management to take action so that impacts affecting the social and environmental life can be reduced. Heathrow has created new sustainability plan that would represent the required change and adequate strategy needed in future (scmp.com, 2016). The sustainability plans establishes the real and long-term goals required by the organization that will reduce the negative impacts for reducing negative affect so that positive change is delivered. The companys focus is to creating such environment that would create a remarkable and positive impact on its environment, community and economy. Sustainable growth is one of the major priorities of Heathrow airport. As per Vidal (2018) Heathrows sustainability rate is quite strong that would he lp the people the potentials of the people to be a good citizen. Heathrow 2.0 is the new or latest sustainability plan of the organization that was launched in 2017. The plan represents the required set-change for its businesses and captures the momentum required for industrial wide shift required for the sustainable future (Heathrow.com, 2018). The approach sets outs various goals required to guide the business in future and as an expanded Heathrow. The plan establishes the policies and regulations to take major lead on climatic change and is an aspiration to make growth required for its recent runway carbon neutral. The company is set on working with the airlines company so that noise can be reduced and the air pollution is effectively tackled as per Westcott (2015). The organization creates opportunities for all the sustainable business that believes to deliver a stronger future for UK. According to the current environmental assessments and reports, harmful particular matters containing NOx, HC, CO and Sox are emitted from aircrafts and directl y affect the quality of air, welfare and health of society. Heathrow is the hub airport of UK that plays a vital role in helping the economy of the country to thrive more efficiently. As per Neslen (2018) it focuses on developing business that would connect with the next economy. This would lead to benefit more individuals to experience higher benefits for people to gain sustainability in their lives and work. Heathrows plan for carbon reduction is highly significant as all the major environment issues are considered. The goal is to increase its connectivity through UK by applying reliable and sustainable routes that would connect to more than 100 towns and cities by the year 2030. The negative impact on the climate globally is a vital environmental issue that Heathrow faces as per Hacatoglu, Dincer Rosen (2015). The emissions arising from aircrafts leads to increase in several negative effects on climate, air quality and ozone layer. Drastic changes are seen at both at ground level and at altitude. The particles and gases that are emitted f rom the engines of the aircraft that causes various harmful effects. Heathrow airports play a crucial role in national and local economies. Communitys opposition that is prompted through environmental concerns posed by Heathrow airport in the form of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and aircraft noises. The airport though practices sustainable development but it creates significant environmental costs and also impacts the locality where they are established as per Strezov, Evans Evans, (2017). Primary environmental issues that are related with the operational activities of Heathrow airports include greenhouse gas emissions, land utilization, noise pollution, waste, land utilization and congestion. As mentioned by Sands and Lee (2015) several solutions are also available to address the environmental issues caused by Heathrow airports. This includes adoption and implementation of new technology and procedures to obtain efficient outcome. One of the most effective measures is Air Traffic Management. This increases the efficiency in the use of airport and f uels that ultimately reduces harmful emissions and also mitigates noise emissions. Growth of the airport is to be encouraged for the social and economic benefits they provide to the people. Moreover the growth of Heathrow airport should be a green growth that would not cause any negative impact to the environment (Caniglia et al., 2016). A balance between the environmental concern and airports expansion is to be maintained by proper research and careful analysis. The active participation and involvement for the local communities in all the level of development, implementation of plan is very crucial for effective management of Heathrow airport. As per Li et al., (2106) effective policy-making and regulation for environmental sustainability of Heathrow airport requires major actions at both national and international levels. According to Sands and Lee (2015) adoption of national regulations would be an effective decision while promoting the airports environmental sustainability. No actions should be made on the decision-makers part that would result in escalation of adverse environmental impacts that could be caused by the airport. Moreover it is significant to involve the local communities while making decisions for the expansions of the airports. As recommended by Song et al. (2017) the ground handling agent and operators should follow the ground power hierarchy while using airport terminal based PCA and FEGP. Mobile ground based power units (GPUs) as well as air conditioning trucks should be used. It is important that the ground handling agents, aircraft operators and authorities should coordinately work to ensure safety of the passengers. The operating crew should switch off the aircrafts main engines immediately when the ground power becomes more available and is also safe to do so. While on stand, the aircrafts present in Heathrow airport should be configured so that limited load is drawn. In flight entertainment (IFE), Environmental Control System (ECS) and several unnecessary electrical loading should be turned off. As suggested by Kourula, Pisani and Kolk (2017) welfare of the passengers and consistent of safety is more important. Cabin blinds should always be shut up so that the heat buildup can be reduced inside the aircraft during turnarounds at severely hot locations. As mentioned by Trapp and Sarkis (2016), sufficient training is important for adequate operation and usage of ground based facilities within the Heathrow airport. Noise from airport industry can only reduced by laying strict regulatory constraints on the amount of noise that is generated by the aircraft. Permission should be refused to all such aircrafts, where noise level exceeds more that 66 decibel at daytime and 57 decibel at night time. According to Hacatoglu, Dincer and Rosen (2015) Heathrows Noise Action Plan has set out all the major impacts that will mitigate and manage the affects of aircraft noises that occurs during landing, take off and ground roll. But on the other hand, as per Caniglia et al., (2016) Heathrow is at forefront of all major international efforts so that noise can be easily tackled. Sustainability is the backbone of any business and any organization that fails to practice sustainability is destined to fail. In todays society, balance should be maintained between the economic and environmental sustainability (Beynaghi et al., 2016). Heathrow airport has very effectively practiced sustainable development within the organization. The environmental sustainability of the airport is completely focused on the physical environment. Pollution is the outcome of all discharge by the production inputs in the natural environment, thereby representing inefficiency and waste. On the other hand, as per Baumgartner (2014) Heathrow airport should practice corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. The CSR report that is voluntarily adopted by the organization provides its clients, customers as well as other interested parties a precise overview of all the environmental consequences. Heathrow airport main approach in the recent times is reduction of carbon emissions. The airport main goal is to operate a zero carbon airport. This involves reducing the carbon impacts to zero level from all its targets related to energy, waste and water. As per Liu (2014) Heathrow airport has been powered with complete 100% renewable electricity. The main goal of Heathrow is increasing more UK access to the airport via sustainable means. As per the companys sustainability report the performance of Heathrow has adequately covered all the environmental factors and its related solutions that are highly relevant for an airport (Heathrow.com, 2018). Heathrow expansion is still a controversial subject for the government. Majority of campaigners thinks that Heathrows expansion could further increase traffic pollution. All around west London tiny tubes have posted on lampposts to monitor the levels of air pollution. Moreover, this helps in measuring nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which is the most poisonous gas that is mostly produced by the aircraft diesel engines. As per Strezov, Evans and Evans (2017) the major point is that whether expanding the airport or building another runway would lead to breaking the EU pollution laws. On the other hand as mentioned by Vidal (2018), Heathrow airport new runaway will not lead to increase the car numbers on the road and the condition of air pollution will not worsen in Central London as public transport access to Heathrow airport will improve greatly. Heathrow airport has implemented various strategies to attract more staff and consumers for its public staff. Charging people to drop off by car, cheaper grain tickets and car sharing would be more relevant. according to Westcott (2015) the airport claim that due to expansion no more cars is to be allowed but the transport company claims that this could lead to rise to additional 40,000 road journeys. On the other hand as per Vidal (2015) changes to terminal assignments and flight schedules has further increased the use of transfer buses. Several steps are taken to improve the method to track the auxiliary power units (APU) activity for high performance. Heathrows APU is measured by manual surveys that only include a percentage of Heathrow flights. Ensuring effective sustainability of the airspace that Heathrow aircraft share is a major concern as per Kourula, Pisani and Kolk (2017). One of the major strategies to reduce adverse effect of Heathrows operational activities on environment is developing various operational measures. This could easily be accomplished through developing operational measures that can be accomplished by proper improvement of air traffic management services. One of the crucial fuel saving opportunities arises from ATM system that allows more effective conditions like speed, optimum altitude and direct routings. CO2 emissions would reduce at a considerable rate due to shortening of routes. . Operational procedures and ATM can therefore reduce the aviation fuel burn within 8% and 18% as per Schaltegger, Ldeke-Freund Hansen (2016). Fuel efficiency by the usage of ATM operational procedure requires that regulatory and institutional arrangements can be used at both international and national levels. Heathrows airport operational measures are considered to be highly effective and quantifiable measures are used to minimize the aircraft emissions. Moreover, the ATM system contribution helps in the environment protection both in the operation and implementation at global level. This further encourages the plan for global air navigation. As per Hacatoglu, Dincer Rosen (2015) protection of communities and prevention of degradation of qualities of life within the vicinities off Heathrow airport is to be conducted through a dynamic and outgoing process. According to Westcott (2015)regular, transparent and continuous assessment and monitoring of the performance of the Heathrow airport with respect to the environmental factors is a crucial part of the sustainability process. This therefore implies that checking the developed disturbances that includes noise, wastage and congestion for a given time period were implemented foreseen (Hallstedt, 2017). The results of reports and assessment should be easily accessible and transparent so that trust of the local communities can be easily acquired and maintained. Heathrow airport should demonstrate commitment to major green initiatives so that the airports can improve their relationships with the local communities for future expansion. Heathrow airport operations are mostly accompanied with social and economic benefits required for the operators besides the community and society at large. With the growth of airport the benefits for the individuals also increases. On the other hand, with the growth of airport, environmental burden also increases that needed to be properly dealt with. Therefore the consideration for sustainability or sustainable development is also highlighted. The vital role of Heathrow airport to UK economy is significant and is also considered when deciding the expansion plans and airport operations. Finally, it is important that the regulators and Heathrow airport operators chooses the best operational procedure. Supportive advanced technologies is beneficial for achieving the goals and objectives of the Heathrow airport. References: Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability?oriented innovation: a systematic review.International Journal of Management Reviews,18(2), 180-205. Baumgartner, R. J. (2014). Managing corporate sustainability and CSR: A conceptual framework combining values, strategies and instruments contributing to sustainable development.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,21(5), 258-271. Beynaghi, A., Trencher, G., Moztarzadeh, F., Mozafari, M., Maknoon, R., Leal Filho, W. (2016). Future sustainability scenarios for universities: Moving beyond the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development.Journal of Cleaner Production,112, 3464-3478. Caniglia, G., John, B., Kohler, M., Bellina, L., Wiek, A., Rojas, C., ... Lang, D. (2016). An experience-based learning framework: Activities for the initial development of sustainability competencies.International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education,17(6), 827-852. Hacatoglu, K., Dincer, I., Rosen, M. A. (2015). A new model to assess the environmental impact and sustainability of energy systems.Journal of Cleaner Production,103, 211-218. Hallstedt, S. I. (2017). Sustainability criteria and sustainability compliance index for decision support in product development.Journal of Cleaner production,140, 251-266. Heathrow.com. (2018).Heathrow 2.0 | Corporate responsibility | Sustainability.Heathrow.com. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.heathrow.com/company/community-and-environment/heathrow-2-0 Heathrow.com.(2018).Heathrow.com. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.heathrow.com/file_source/Company/Static/PDF/Communityandenvironment/Sustainabilty-Performance-Report-2016.pdf Kourula, A., Pisani, N., Kolk, A. (2017). Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research.Current opinion in environmental sustainability,24, 14-18. Li, Y., Cheng, H., Beeton, R. J., Sigler, T., Halog, A. (2016). Sustainability from a Chinese cultural perspective: the implications of harmonious development in environmental management.Environment, development and sustainability,18(3), 679-696. Liu, G. (2014). Development of a general sustainability indicator for renewable energy systems: a review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,31, 611-621. Lozano, R., Ciliz, N., Ramos, T. B., Blok, V., Caeiro, S., van Hoof, B., Huisingh, D. (2015). Bridges for a more sustainable future: Joining environmental management for sustainable universities (EMSU) and the European roundtable for sustainable consumption and production (ERSCP) conferences.Journal of Cleaner Production,106, 1-2. Mota, B., Gomes, M. I., Carvalho, A., Barbosa-Povoa, A. P. (2015). Towards supply chain sustainability: economic, environmental and social design and planning.Journal of Cleaner Production,105, 14-27. Neslen, A. (2018).Heathrow expansion risks deepening London's air pollution crisis.the Guardian. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jul/01/heathrow-expansion-risks-deepening-londons-air-pollution-crisis Pelletier, N., Ustaoglu, E., Benoit, C., Norris, G., Rosenbaum, E., Vasta, A., Sala, S. (2018). Social sustainability in trade and development policy.The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,23(3), 629-639. Sands, J., Lee, K. H. (2015). Environmental and sustainability management accounting (EMA) for the development of sustainability management and accountability [Guest editorial].Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting,9(1), 1-4. Schaltegger, S., Ldeke-Freund, F., Hansen, E. G. (2016). Business models for sustainability: A co-evolutionary analysis of sustainable entrepreneurship, innovation, and transformation.Organization Environment,29(3), 264-289. scmp.com. (2016).Finding a balance between economic and environmental sustainability.South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.scmp.com/business/global-economy/article/1956350/finding-balance-between-economic-and-environmental Scoones, I. (2016). The politics of sustainability and development.Annual Review of Environment and Resources,41. Song, M., Cen, L., Zheng, Z., Fisher, R., Liang, X., Wang, Y., Huisingh, D. (2017). How would big data support societal development and environmental sustainability? Insights and practices.Journal of Cleaner Production,142, 489-500. Strezov, V., Evans, A., Evans, T. J. (2017). Assessment of the Economic, Social and Environmental Dimensions of the Indicators for Sustainable Development.Sustainable Development,25(3), 242-253. Trapp, A. C., Sarkis, J. (2016). Identifying Robust portfolios of suppliers: a sustainability selection and development perspective.Journal of Cleaner Production,112, 2088-2100. Vidal, J. (2018).Heathrow third runway won't make pollution worse, MPs told.the Guardian. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/nov/04/heathrow-ceo-third-runway-worsen-pollution-public-transport-improved Westcott, R. (2015).Heathrow expansion: The environmental challenges.BBC News. Retrieved 21 March 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/news/business-34988449

The Art of Horror Films Essay Example For Students

The Art of Horror Films Essay Horror movies generally are all the same. They all have been based off of something that has already happened or a previous movie. Society has paid to be entertained by these gruesome stories that we all truly fear. Before movies, people would purchase books of similar tramatic events to read in their spare time for amusement. Writters such as Bram Stoker created graphic novels that grabbed peoples attention for years to come. But the horror movie, The House Of The Devil(1896), was noted as being the first ever horror movie. And as the years pasted, the industry grew and became stronger. We will write a custom essay on The Art of Horror Films specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The artist and creative portion of the movies became more gruesume and realistic. Now many of the horror films that have been creatured are said to be based off an events that were real. The fact of knowing that the events could be real attract millions of people, and keep the industy growing. Numerous people spend countless hours perfecting the art of terror for our amusement. Truly, they are looking at previous story lines and methods that had become successfull before. The art of horror movies started long before televison was created. Gothic wrtitters suchs Mary Shelly and Bram Stoker created novels that horrififed people. And to this day Mary Shellys Frankenstein and Bram Stokers Dracula are continuously being recreated. For example, F.W. Murnaus Nosferatu was an unauthorized version of Bram Stoker Dracula. F.W Murnau made a few changes in the details of the movie to seperate it from the orignal due to the fact he could not obtain rights to the origanl novel. Stokers heir still ended up sueing, and the courts ordered all copies of Nosferatu be destroyed. But a single copy of the film had been missed and later was revealed. The story of Dracula is continuly told and being remade even today. It is something that has always frightened people, so the industry continues to build off it. The older generation of writters such as Bram Stoker and MAry Shelly are known for German Expresionism. German Expressionism is responsible for creating The Cabinet Of Dr. Caligari, which is still considered one of the greatest silence films created in the era. The film also took credit for being one of the first to example story board and having a twist ending. Once the film had been created it lead people to explore the posibilities of the art of horror. Following the creation of The Cabinet Of Dr. Caligari was the making of The Golem. This film continued to be remade over the years. It started with a man by the name of Paul Wegener. He was fascinated by the legend of the Golem. The story spoke of a giant clay monster that saved Pragues Jewish citizens for an emperor that believed they were ritually killing children. Gothic Horror has to be one of the best forms of art. Which is probley why film markers continue to go back to it. It played on both the thrill and the fear of the unknown. It places a great importance on atmosphere. Its usually heavily symbolic, sometimes even dreamlike. Universal and Hammer films are responsiable for adapting this genre onto the big screen. The House of the Devil, is thought to be the one of the first horror films created was created in France.The producer Georges melies was bold enough to make one of the first movie images. This drew in a large audience to the short film. The film ran for a total of three minutes. It turned into a silent film without any audio of any sort. The film was not intended to frighten people, but rather to amuse them. It was one of the first present a form of Dracula. .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .postImageUrl , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:hover , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:visited , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:active { border:0!important; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:active , .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua393f3cf23f223228cff328c31672cfb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ancient Egyptian Art ">All horror movies are inspired by something. Most of the horror movies were inspired by actual events. The Texas chain Saw Massacre, directed by Tobe Hooper was release October 1, 1974 was based on a true story. The real story did not truly take place in Texas. It took place in Wisconsin, man by the name of Ed Gein is one of Americas most known and gruesome serial killer. Ed Gein did not reli on a chainsaw, but a gun to kill his victims. Ed gein was raised by a religious father who was also an alcoholic. The first person that he was accused of murdering was his one and only brother. But in the end the murder was never actually proven. Ed killed later tortured and killed two additional women. Ed was found not guilty due to pleading insanity. Due to the events, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre was created as well as Phycho and Silence of the Lambs were created. It is scary to know that the movies that scared us as children scould have some truth behind them. The Nightmare On Elm Street released on November 16, 1984. The film was inspired by a group of male immagrants from South East Asia.. There were several articals in the L.A times about three people dying in their sleep. The main insperation for the movie was from the third male who died. His family members keep telling him he had to sleep, but he would continously refuse. He claimed that these were not typical nightmares that he was having. His family resorted to giving him sleeping pills, but he keep spiting them out. The L.A times stated that he stayed up for a tremendis amout of days. The gentlemen had hidden a coffee maker in his closet that nobody knew about. One night he was watching tv with his family and he fell asleep on the couch from exhaustion. His family carried him upstairs to bed before they all went to bed. Later that night, they were woken by his screams. They heard things crash and break, so they ran to his room to find him dead. They had an autopsy performed, but he did not have a heart attack. The doctor could not find any explination for his death. The Exocism of Emily rose was also based on a true story. the film was released on September 9, 2005. The true story behind the movie was about Anneliesa Michell an old German Catholic. When she was sixteen she suffered a severe convulsion and ended up being diagnosed with epilepsy. After that whenever she would pray she would begin to hallucinate. In 1970 her health did not improve, and was soon confined to a hospital for long term medical treatment. Whenever the doctors would talk to her she claimed that she was seeing devil faces. A few years, 1973, she started her treatments with tegretol, anti-seizure drugs, and mood swing stabalizers. She continued to take the medican, untill shortly before her death. The priests exorcised her several times, until finally they declined her and recommended she continue the use of the medical treatment.. There was a bishop in the next town over known a Viscar Ernst Alt. The priests recommended that she try her luck there. He analized Annelies and determind that she was not infact epileptic. He believed she was suffering from a demonic possesion. On September 24th, 1975 they performed another excorsim session. Similar sessions were performed up to two times a week for over 10 months. On July 1, 1976 Anneliese died in her sleep. The autopsy report stated that the cause of death was malnutrition and dehydration and almost a year of semi starvation. At her death she weighted 68 pounds. .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .postImageUrl , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:hover , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:visited , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:active { border:0!important; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:active , .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4 .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3dcf73d65831cd12074a195c1c78d4e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Art of Being ThankfulWatching horror movies today, you will see they are not much different from eachother. There always seems to be a pattern that is followed. The films are guided by a specific formula because the industry knows it will create a popular movie that will make them money. Ten of the most common things that always happens in a success horror film are : opening the door slowly means a cheap scare is coming, the victum always falls down while running from the killer, someone will always slam on a the car window of a character sitting there minding their own, the love interest of the protagonist is not the best of person, you can pick the order people will die, the killer walks while the victum runs but always stays with them, the survivor will go toe to toe with the killer in the finale, the black male and blonde female die first, the killer will not die nomatter when they do, and when someone is washing up there will suddenly be a person behind them in the mirror. These are all silly cliches that everyone follows. But companys would not bothering putting their time and money into such a large project if they did not have some sort of asserence that it would make them a profit in the end. This really restricts creators creativity. It puts to much risk into trying new ideas so they can not exspand the horror film industry. It is unfortunitate that all horror movies have to be the same.